Here's the key to the images and icons from the cover, created by Nancy Terzian/Buckinghorse Design:
Typewriter in the center: Martha Gellhorn
Hands above the typewriter: Helen Keller and Annie Sullivan
From there in clockwise order:
Test tube: Henrietta Lacks
Woman Welding: Rosie the Riveter
Plane: Amelia Earhart
Tattooed chest: Maud Stevens Wagner
Sculpture: The Death of Cleopatra, by Edmonia Lewis
Graph paper: Julia Morgan
Star-filled sky (behind "Women"): Henrietta Swan Leavitt